https://smms.basu.ac.ir/ Contemporary Studies On Sport Management en daily 1 Tue, 30 Nov 2021 00:00:00 +0330 Tue, 30 Nov 2021 00:00:00 +0330 https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_4239.html Talent management in sports increases success in championship sports and takes the position that people find their highest level of performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to design an optimal talent management model for table tennis athletes. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of how to collect data. The statistical population of this study included senior managers, members of the talent committee, talent coaches and academic table tennis researchers, whose number was estimated to be about 100 people and 89 questionnaires were returned correctly. The data collection tool was a modified questionnaire of Monazami (2015) which was designed inspired by the talent management model of Phillips and Roper (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis and Friedman test were used to analyze the data at a significance level of 0.05. Findings showed that the selection, attraction, employment, planning, development and retention of talent were the most important components of talent management in table tennis, respectively. Finally, paying attention to these priorities can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the athletes' talent management system in table tennis. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_4253.html AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study is to explain and validate the model of effectiveness of the management of old sports venues in the macroThe selected cities of the country are mixed with the research approach.Methodology: By interviewing experts active in the field of sports management by qualitative analysis method to design andExplaining the effective model of managing old sports venues in selected metropolises of the country by active expertsIn the field of sports management and identification of metrics and components. Then with a quantitative method of factor analysisVerification and path analysis In structural equation modeling, we examined the relationships between components. SocietyStudied in the qualitative section, including experts in the field of sports management and managers and employees of the collectionsIt is a long-standing sport in different cities of the country. The sample size includes 01 active experts inThe field of sports management https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_4475.html Today, tourism industry is considered as a crucial element of development. In line with the importance of tourism development, other aspects of tourism such as sport tourism are in focal points. This study was aimed to recognize the indicators of tourism development of Zaribar Lake in Mariwan. The research method is a qualitative with thematic approach. The participants include; Experts of Sports and Youth Office, Sport Boards, Environmental Experts, Sport Coaches, and employers of Tourism Agencies in Mariwan. A purposeful judgmental sampling was utilized to interview the participants (N=15). Data collection tool was the open interview with the participants.To ensure reliability and validity of research findings, the results were investigated. Therefore, some concepts and answers were returned to them to be clarified. Furthermore, the encoding of the data was performed by an expert of Tourism Industry. In conclusion, this research highlights that there are six main factors of (Structural, Management, Economical, Cultural, Environmental, and Competitive) and 22 subcategories of these factors to promote the Sports Tourism in Zeribar Lake in Mariwan. This findings revealed that only a sole factor cannot lead to the development of the Sport Tourism. Therefore all above mentioned factors act as a system cycle attached together each one can pave the way for others. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_4561.html The aim of this study was to design a model for the development of virtual education in Iranian sports and explain its future based on scenario writing. The method used in this research is scenario-based planning, which is designed and implemented in eight steps. The data collection method in this study is qualitative and using interviews, expert panel and Delphi survey. 16 experts in the field of e-learning in sports with specialized knowledge or practical experience were selected as members of the group participating in the research by snowball. Also, Mikmak software and Scenario Wizard have been used to analyze the data. The findings of this study are presented in two parts. The first part involves identifying and categorizing key components, drivers, and related uncertainties. The four drivers of "e-learning infrastructure", "comprehensive training program", "budget" and "modern technology" are identified in this section and the relationships of effectiveness and effectiveness between the components are analyzed. The second part identifies and describes possible and consistent scenarios based on related drivers and uncertainties. Among the proposed solutions are the development of a comprehensive program of virtual sports education to improve the infrastructure of virtual sports education and the use of modern technologies, allocation of appropriate budget for the development of infrastructure of virtual sports education and allocation of appropriate budget for use He mentioned the latest technologies in virtual sports education. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_4858.html The purpose of this study was to design a social media marketing revenue model for Iranian football clubs. The research method qualitative study was conducted by using grounded theory approach. The research population included sports managers and social media experts. Sampling was done purposely. Using semi-structured interviews, 12 people were interviewed and the interviews were completed by entering the theoretical saturation. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis method in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Results included: Causal conditions: (changing the fandom culture, the media nature of football, the influence of the spread of social media), contextual conditions: (fan behavior prediction, fan affiliation, social identity), Intervention conditions: (traditional media inefficiencies and social media unique features), Strategies: )Development of technology platform, social media marketing strategies, strengthening media communication(,Consequences include: (developing financial resources, enhancing the brand value of the club, sponsors). The findings of this study showed that social media has a significant role in increasing the income of the football club and the development of financial resources. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_4955.html The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the role of media literacy and information-seeking behavior in the development of professional athletes' moral commitment with a combined approach. In terms of practical purpose, the present research was a combination of sequential exploratory type and survey collection method. The statistical community in the qualitative section includes university professors, coaches, referees, journalists, spectators and professional athletes; these people were selected for qualitative interviews in the research topic (14 interviews with 23 people and continued until theoretical saturation). The statistical population of the quantitative part includes experts in the field of media, press and also professional athletes. Among the 384 research samples, 362 correct questionnaires were analyzed. In order to analyze the data of the current research, coding was used in the qualitative part and structural equation method was used in the quantitative part. The research results showed that; Media literacy includes sources of information acquisition, criteria for media selection and media analysis, and information-seeking behavior, including retrieval, evaluation, organization, and exchange of information, and ethical commitment, including self-directed and other-directed. Considering the value of T-Value, which are all values greater than 2.58, therefore, at the level of 0.99, media literacy and information-seeking behavior have an effect on moral commitment. In this context, media literacy is considered as one of the most important phenomena of the information age in order to help the audience in increasing their level of information and awareness, gaining the necessary insight and knowledge to interpret messages. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_4956.html The present study was designed and conducted to analyze the organizational communication development strategies of the managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth in order to improve staff performance. In terms of applied purpose, the present study was descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method and based on the research approach. The statistical population of the present study in the qualitative section included selected professors familiar with the professional competencies of managers and staff performance and some current and former selected managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. Also, the statistical population in the quantitative part of the research includes all employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth (901 people). Of that population, 269 are estimated based on Morgan's table. The KMO test index measures the adequacy of sampling and a value of 0.77 was obtained for this test. The instruments of the present study included semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire (25 items and 2 main components in the form of Likert). Open, axial and selective coding was used to examine the data of the qualitative part and structural equation modeling method was used in the quantitative part. The whole process of analysis of the present research data was performed in SPSS software version 24 and Smart PLS version 2. The results of the present study showed that individual and organizational strategies are not strategies for developing organizational relationships of managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth to improve staff performance (t value greater than 1.96). https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_4957.html The present study was designed and implemented with the aim of developing a model for commercialization and marketing of sports club services. In terms of applied purpose, the present study was descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method and based on the research approach. The statistical population of the present study in the qualitative section includes professors who have done research in the field of sports marketing (books, translations, research projects, conference and research articles and at least two cases) as well as managers of sports clubs. Also, the statistical population in the quantitative part of the research includes all managers and members of the board of directors of the country's football sports clubs in League 1, 2 and Premier League (312 people). KMO test index measures the adequacy of sampling and a value of 0.81 was obtained for this test. The tools of the present study included semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire (35 items and 8 components in Likert type). Open, axial and selective coding was used to examine the data of the qualitative part and structural equation modeling method was used in the quantitative part. The whole process of analysis of the present research data was performed in SPSS software version 24 and Smart PLS version 2.The results of the present study showed that customer knowledge, marketing mix, branding, social network, website, human resources, club services and finance are among the components of commercialization and marketing of Iranian sports club services (t value more than 96 / 1). https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_4982.html The purpose of this study was to build and validate the innovation questionnaire of sports club managers. The research method is mixed. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative sector consisted of experts in the field of sports management scientific and executive, which were targeted purposefully for qualitative interviews. Interview with 15 people was done to theoretical saturation. In the quantitative research section, 406 were selected by stratified sampling selected by stratified sampling. To collect data, a researcher-made innovation questionnaire were used. The reliability of the innovation questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha method was 0.92. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and professors. For data analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used. All tests were performed using SPSS and laser software. The findings of this study showed that the managers' innovation questionnaire in sports clubs includes 13 components in the form of 58 questions. Innovation components including creativity, risk, success, tendency to change, challenge, technology, customer attraction, advertising, equipment, executive staff, manpower, leadership and teamwork and management style. Accordingly, sports club managers must pay special attention to the strategic variables of the organization such as innovation.Keywords:Sports Club, Performance, Innovation Managers https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5182.html The purpose of this research was to design a mentoring model in the context of social media in order to manage the career path of physical education teachers. The current research method is based on a qualitative approach to the Foundation's data method, which was conducted in the field in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research includes sports management professors and educational management professors who have conducted research in the field of social media mentoring and career path management, as well as selected education and physical education managers who have management experience of more than 5 years and master's and doctoral education, as well as some selected physical education teachers who have doctoral education, who were selected by purposeful or theoretical sampling. The qualitative approach of grounded theory was used for open, central and selective coding, and open coding was done by analyzing the interviews. Based on the identified open codes, the central codes were formed and the theoretical model was developed with the help of selective coding, then the paradigm model was approved by the opinion of experts. Mentoring model in the context of social media in order to manage the career path of physical education teachers affected by access, attitudinal and knowledge and taking into account extractive strategies (information, culture building, motivation, empowering teachers, planning and monitoring and evaluation) which are affected It is from background conditions (organizational structure, infrastructure and legal) and intervening conditions (media facilities, human). https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5191.html In order to meet economic needs and also create new businesses, entrepreneurship parties should be used. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to provide a model of entrepreneurial capacity in sports in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The current research method is qualitative with Glazer's approach and of an exploratory type. The statistical population included university professors in the field of entrepreneurship, sports entrepreneurship and business. Field of study and having scientific publications related to entrepreneurship, having managerial positions and executive experience in entrepreneurship and sports business were among the selection indicators for the initial list of experts. The sampling method was used as non-probability sampling, with targeted selection and with maximum diversity or heterogeneity. The sample size in this research was equal to 16 people based on the theoretical saturation index. The measurement tool was an open interview and was analyzed based on three stages of open, central and selective coding. Based on data analysis, 63 primary concepts, 14 main categories were identified. The identified components include attracting financial resources, legal and legal infrastructure, creating demand for sports, specialized teams in entrepreneurship, education, institutionalizing the culture of sustainable development, improving environmental factors, using entrepreneurial capacities, promoting and promoting entrepreneurship for Creating entrepreneurial capacity was economic factors, social factors, cultural factors, political factors and structural factors. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5193.html The aim of current research was to identify and prioritize professional competencies in physical education managers in Iran. In terms of practical design and in terms of method, this research was a part of mixed research (qualitative/quantitative) and of sequential exploratory type. In the first part, the research sought to identify dimensions and components of managers' professional competencies, and in this part, the theme analysis method was used, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to answer research questions. The sample of qualitative part was selected as a combination of purposeful and snowball sampling methods from among managers of physical education in order to achieve theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part of research, which measured the validity and importance of the components of professional competences extracted using non-random sampling method, 100 experienced managers or experts in the field were selected. The results of research showed that a total of 120 open codes were identified in relation to the factors related to competencies of physical education managers in the country. A total of 33 sub-components in the form of 6 main factors as the professional competence of physical education managers in Iran, in order of priority, including: scientific and specialized competence, managerial competence, political competence, authority competence, strategic vision and selective competencies were identified. The results of research introduce the required competencies model, which is necessary and inevitable considering the issues facing education. Therefore, paying attention to the presented components when selecting physical education managers can increase the chances of the organization's success. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5599.html Objective: The objective of this research was to analysis and prioritize of the main components of the development of sport for all in Isfahan province.Methodology: The method of the present research is based on a mixed approach and qualitatively and quantitatively in an inductive analogical approach. In the qualitative part of the research, the data was collected by using a questionnaire, 18 professors of a qualitative community of sports managers, which was selected and collected by the snowball sampling method. The main dimensions of the development of public sports were determined by the triangular fuzzy method. The statistical population of the study was determined in the quantitative part, including 45 people, using the purposeful sampling method. The results of the analysis of the interviews using thematic analysis method and Atlas T software led to the identification of the main dimensions of the development of public sports.Results: Based on the findings and results, 12 dimensions of the development of sport for all in the province included the components of personal, public factors, in the order to collective environment, economic environment, diplomatic environment, living environment, cross-border environment, environment culturally, priority of the components was human capital, support, joint finance, equipment and infrastructure, technical knowledge, mass communication tools.Conclusion: The prioritization of these dimensions showed that based on the average of the second stage of de-fuzzification, the collective environment is the most important and the diplomatic environment is the least important aspect of the development of public sports in Isfahan province. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5601.html The method of the present research was implemented in terms of theoretical and fundamental purpose and data collection using a qualitative method. The method of data collection was in the field; which included library studies, content analysis method and review of 24 studies (domestic and foreign) and semi-structured interviews with 19 experts and experts in the field of sports management. The statistical population of the research was made up of all experts related to sports management, including macro sports management and experts in the field of ethics and spirituality, professors and faculty members of universities in the field of sports management. The interviewees were selected by non-random sampling of a targeted and available type. The interviews continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that the factors affecting spirituality and ethics in physical education and sports, J.A. According to the statement of the second step of the revolution, Iran is a code opener in the four areas of 68 (culture, spirituality, ethics, responsibility). As a result, creating a structure to promote the culture of social responsibility among athletes and not neglecting the two parts of spirituality and ethics in all individual and social activities, as well as the formation of a committee or management council of Iranian Islamic ethics in various fields of sports, laying the groundwork for empowerment and It is to promote the moral and professional skills of the country's sports community. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5602.html The purpose of this research was to improve the political-legal interactions of sports organizations and the Islamic Council. The current research method was a descriptive type that was implemented in the field. The statistical population of this research included all experts and knowledgeable people in the field of management in sports. In order to identify these experts, purposeful sampling was used. After sampling; The number of 17 knowledgeable experts and experts in the field of management in sports were selected as the research sample. The data collection tools in this research included semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires. The validity of this questionnaire was confirmed by examining the opinions of experts and the reliability of the questionnaire was also confirmed after calculating Cronbach's alpha (α=0.91). In order to choose the best method for improving the political-legal interactions of sports organizations and the Islamic Council, the TOPSIS method was used, and in order to prioritize the identified influential indicators, the IHP method was used. All research data analysis process was done using Superdesign and BitTapsis Solver software. According to the results of the TOPSIS method, it was determined that the creation of organizational ideology in sports with a coefficient of 0.9955 was the best provision method among the methods of improving the political-legal interactions of sports organizations and the Islamic Council. It can be said that it is related to the political structures created after the formation of mission-oriented structures. The important point is to prove the answer to these structures through https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5713.html Athletes experience a wide range of psychological, social, financial, and occupational changes when they face the end of their career The extent of these changes and athletes' perceptions of these changes determine the quality of their adjustment as part of their retirement.The analysis of the factors affecting the compatibility with the sports retirement of the champions of the Iranian national teams has been done with an exploratory-fundamental nature.The research method was qualitative which based on data theory has been designed to design a paradigm model.The instrument used was a semi-structured interview that was used from the perspective of 13 experts and sports experts in the country.The method was snowball sampling.The output of the research was a paradigmatic model of analyzing the factors affecting the adaptation to sports retirement of the champions of Iranian national teams, which consists of causal conditions, central categories, intervening conditions, strategies and outcomes. Thus,127open codes and 38axial codes were identified: 6 causal factors codes,7 underlying factors codes7intervention factors codes,12 strategic codes and 6 consequential codes.The results of this study show that the Ministry of Sports and Youth and the National Olympic Committee, as the custodian of sports in the country and the main supporter of athletes, in accordance with government policies, make special arrangements for the growth and excellence of retirees, increasing social welfare andThe provision of desirable medical services to these loved ones should be considered.Recognizing the effective areas related tochampionship sports, a comprehensive model can be provided to improve the status of sports retirees. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5714.html The present study was designed and conducted to provide a model of dynamic adaptation to sports environments in adolescent athletes. The method of the present study was mixed. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the present study included all specialists and experts aware of the subject of the research, who were identified as 13 as the research sample based on the snowball sampling method. These included some university professors, some sports directors of education, as well as a number of experienced physical education teachers who were fully aware of the subject matter of the research. The statistical population of the quantitative section included all male high school students in the southwestern provinces of the country, including the three provinces of Fars, Kohgiluyeh, Boyer-Ahmad and Bushehr, the exact number of which was not available. The results showed that causal conditions have a significant effect on the main phenomenon (effect = 0.612, t = 8.975). The results also showed that the main phenomenon has a significant effect on strategies (effect = 0.387, t = 3.538). The results showed that the background conditions have a significant effect on strategies (effect = 0.319, t = 3.913) and also the results showed that the interventionist conditions have a significant effect on strategies (effect = 0.264, effect = 2.681). The results also showed that strategies have a significant effect on outcomes (effect = 0.743, t = 15.845).. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5715.html The purpose of this research was to develop a model of the governance system in veterans' sports using the data theory of the foundation. The research method is analytical, for this purpose qualitative methodology was used. The research strategy was to use the theory arising from the data. The participants in the research were 16 people including the statistical community including experts in sports management, sports sociology, coaches and veteran athletes and sports managers of the veterans and disabled federation, and the sampling strategy in the qualitative part was purposeful and with maximum diversity or heterogeneity. Content analysis of interviews and coding were used to analyze the data. The research tool was open interview and the results were analyzed based on three stages of open, central and selective coding. The findings showed that the existence of behavioral capacity, normative synergy, individual factors, socialization factors were the indicators of causal factors. The background factors included environmental compatibility, infrastructure and appropriate platforms, values and norms, interpersonal relationships and trust. Also, the intervening factors included lifestyle factors, social mobility, professionalization of athletes, and motivation. The solutions of associational relations, financial and economic factors, support, formed the effective strategies of the governance system in the sports of veterans. Finally, the social consequences, the development of the four levels of educational sports, the improvement of the health index in the society, and the personal consequences formed the consequences of the current research. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5716.html The purpose of this research was to investigate the challenges of women in the field of sports management in the country. In terms of the practical purpose, the current research has been conducted in a mixed method in terms of the method of collecting information. The statistical population of the research is all female managers of the Ministry of Sports and provincial offices, the National Olympic Committee, sports federations and women transnational champions, which included 214 people at the time of the research. Sampling was done in the quantitative part in a clustered and targeted manner consisting of 150 people. Sampling in the qualitative section was continued in a targeted manner until the interviews reached the theoretical saturation stage. The research tool in the qualitative part includes in-depth interviews to build the proposed research model using the Delphi technique, and in the quantitative part, the questionnaire obtained from the qualitative part is used. Data analysis in the qualitative part has been done using the Max Kiuda method and the interpretative structural qualitative model, and descriptive and inferential statistics in the quantitative part. Based on the findings, 9 challenges were identified and prioritized in organizational, succession, economic, family, cultural, personal, political, attitudinal and social dimensions. Therefore, paying attention to the organizational barriers and culture building through sports organizations will help women to participate in the management affairs of sports organizations as well as men https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5717.html This research was done with qualitative way and with a survey approach (crosssectional), which in terms of purpose, was applied and in terms of Nature, was exploratory. The population was composed of all experts in the field of social responsibility in sport, in three academic, executive and sports groups. Access to subjects were selected in a purposive sampling method, Interviewed with 12 people. These people included faculty members in the social sciences (2 people), and sports management (5 people), knowledgeable sport Managers (2 people) and Celebrity athletes (3 people). Data analysis was done by open, axial and selective coding. From the analysis of qualitative data, 100 primary codes were obtained that were classified in 18 subsidiary categories. Finally, were identified eight major categories of political, economic, legal, social, philanthropic, environmental, MediaNews and educational Sports.Results can be used to complete the theoretical foundations of social responsibility in sport. Also, recommended the relevant organizations carry out the necessary measures to extend these responsibilities among athletes, clubs and all relevant organizations https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5718.html The aim of the research was to analyze the performance management model of the Ministry of Petroleum. This research is practical in terms of purpose and the data was collected in the field in a mixed qualitative and quantitative way. The statistical population in the qualitative section included18 experts and experts in physical education from the Ministry of Oil and sports management professors, and in the quantitative section, the statistical population in the quantitative section included425managers, experts in oil physical education 205 people were selected as a sample, first by random stratification and then by non-random availability based on the Karjesi and Morgan table. The research questions of the researcher's questionnaire included 37 indicator effective indicators on performance management in the physical training of the Ministry of Petroleum, whose validity was confirmed by10sports management professors and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test (α=0.91). Analysis of findings was done using SPSS and Lisrel software. The findings showed that the management of the physical education performance of the Ministry of Petroleum has 37components in the form of strategic plan, horizon and outlook, executive measures, capabilities and potentials, leadership, human resource empowerment, sports equipment and space, motivational measures, attracting and maintaining human resources.He is an expert in communication, monitoring and financial resources. If the vision and missions are determined in the strategic program , and by choosing the appropriate leadership style and empowering technical and managerial human resources, the performance of physical training in the Ministry of Oil will be improved. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5719.html In the future clubs have an important role in the development of sports, both in the field of championship sports and in the field of recreational and educational sports. The overall purpose of this study was to Forecasting the development of weightlifting clubs in Iraq. The research was conducted with the aim of identifying and analyzing the drivers affecting the development of sports clubs and its method is mixed and futuristic. The results show that, by analyzing the existing trends qualitatively, and a quantitative analysis of obtained data respectively, the major trends affecting the development of clubs have been identified and quantitatively analyzed. In the qualitative section, all the drivers for the development of professional clubs were identified in 5 main areas (economic, socio-cultural, political, environmental and technological drivers) and 44 sub-areas. The strongest component of each domain, which had the highest averages; was identified respectively. In the social domain (shareholding culture), in the political field (level of convergence of sports and political managers), in the economic field (sustainable income generation), in the environmental field (attention to clean air) and in the field of technology (creating standard communication infrastructure). The issue of professional club development is more of an economic issue than anything else, and economic activities can be more effective in the development of weightlifting clubs than any other component. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5720.html The purpose of the current research was to design a sports marketing model in the National Olympic Committee. This research is practical and with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative part, the sample included experts and elites of the country's sports industry, 15 of whom were selected through purposive sampling for in-depth interviews. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included managers and experts of the committee. National Olympic team, the beneficiaries of the country's sports and the heads of sports departments and federations, 384 people were purposefully selected as a sample. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. To analyze the information, coding was used in the qualitative part and structural equation model was used in the quantitative part. Based on the results of qualitative data analysis from the interview, a paradigm model was presented in the form of 6 dimensions, including causal conditions (6 categories), background conditions ( 5 categories), intervening conditions (5 categories), central phenomenon (1 category), strategy (7 categories) and consequence (6 categories). The value of the model indicators showed that the developed model has a good fit. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5721.html The method of the present research is mixed or in other words, combined according to the purpose of the research. The research method is mixed or in combination, according to the purpose of the research. In this research, first the qualitative method and then the quantitative method. The statistical population was a small number of 370 people. Amos software version 25 was used for confirmatory factor analysis. SPSS Sample Power software was used to determine the sample size in a small step. Using this method, the sample size was estimated to be 370 people, of which 370 questionnaires were distributed and collected among the statistical population. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The questions in this section were obtained based on the model derived from the researcher-made questionnaire. The scoring type of this questionnaire was based on the 5 Likert scale. The questionnaire also consisted of 5 main components: causal factors, contextual factors, intervening factors, strategies and consequences. The results showed the confirmation of items and factors in the first and second order confirmatory factor analysis tests, meaning that the factor loads of items and factors were higher than 0.4. According to the research model, one of the strategies to institutionalize public sports in people's daily lives is to develop a systematic program between all social institutions. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5736.html The aim of this research was providing a conceptual model for sport immigration in Iran. Research Methods was selected Qualitative type with systematic exploratory approach. The statistical population consisted of two parts: experts (professors, managers, etc.) and information resources (books, articles, documents, media, etc.). Sampling was performed in sufficient numbers (theoretical saturation) and by judging method (17 people). The research tools included systematic library study and structured exploratory interviews. The validity of the instrument was evaluated and approved based on the legal validity of the sample, the opinion of the experts and the agreement between the proofreaders. To analyze the findings, multi-stage conceptual coding method with system analysis approach was used. The extracted conceptual framework included 5 levels, 10 perspectives (main variable), 26 dimensions and 94 key components (repetition of themes). Five levels of conceptual model the effect-effectiveness sequence includes; Motivators (repulsion of origin and destination attraction), regulators and controllers (previous experiences and existing framework), environmental contexts (information network and service chain), individual capacity (individual context and orientation), and functions and consequences (for countries and Immigrants) was sport migration. Based on the results, it can be said that sports migration is the result of influential and deterrent factors that form an individual tendency to migrate based on the environmental context, which can have different positive and negative consequences for the origin and destination. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5913.html The purpose of the current research was to validate the model of effective factors in improving the quality of student sports in Iran. The current descriptive-correlational research was a survey research and one of the applied researches that was conducted in the field. The statistical population of the research was experts in the field of student sports as well as experienced physical education teachers. SPSS Sample Power software was used to determine the sample size in the quantitative stage. Using this method, the sample size was estimated to be 370 people, and 370 questionnaires were distributed and collected among the statistical population, and researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect data. The questions of this section were obtained based on the pattern emerging from the qualitative phase of the research. The type of scoring for this questionnaire was based on a 5-point Likert scale. Also, the questionnaire consisted of 5 main components of causal factors, background factors, intervening factors, strategies and outcome. Further, in order to validate the desired pattern of the desired model, the structural equation modeling of the confirmatory factor analysis approach is used. For this purpose, Smart Pls software was used. Based on data analysis, 108 primary concepts (open codes), 18 core codes and 5 were identified. The findings showed that the lack of necessary space, weakness in physical indicators, the importance of student sports were the causal factors. The background factors were not included in the primary priorities of physical education in education,. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5917.html The purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize the evaluation indicators of the National Paralympic Committee of Iran from the point of view of the experts of the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics using the AHP model. The descriptive-analytical research method and the statistical community includes all managers and experts of the Iranian National Paralympic Committee, sports federations, Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games, as well as sports management experts of the National Paralympic Committee (167 people) who, taking into account the number of samples required for the decision In the AHP model, 60 people were selected as a statistical sample. In the first stage of the research, to identify performance evaluation indicators, a list of indicators was compiled and provided to the experts by reviewing the background of the research. After receiving and summarizing the opinions, the final framework of performance evaluation indicators of Iran's National Paralympic Committee was compiled in four main criteria and 14 sub-criteria with 68 sub-criteria. In the next step, AHP model was used in order to prioritize these indicators and determine the importance of each of the developed criteria and sub-criteria. Based on this prioritization, among the four general criteria of the performance of federations and the National Paralympic Committee, the performance of coaches and managers of national teams, the performance of athletes, and the performance of organizations and society are placed in the first to fourth priorities, respectively. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5919.html The aim of this study was to explain the effect of strategic alignment and strategic intelligence on innovative performance with the role of organizational development in sports boards of Lorestan province. The research method was descriptive-correlational by using the method of structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all of the sports board employees of Lorestan province and 162 people were selected by using the random sampling method. Data were gathered using the organizational development questionnaires of Peter Luke, John Crawford (2000), the innovative performance of Huang and Lee (2018), the strategic intelligence of Guichard (2011), and the strategic alignment of Sardana (2016), which validity and reliability have both been confirmed. Data were analyzed using spss26 and smart-pls3 software. The results showed that strategic alignment had a positive and significant effect on organizational development. Also, Strategic intelligence had a positive and significant effect on organizational development. In addition, there is a significant relationship in the structural model of innovative performance based on strategic alignment and strategic intelligence through organizational development. Therefore, it is recommended that the bosses of boards with implementation of mechanisms of strategic alignment and strategic intelligence lead to organizational development and innovative performance to be in boards. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_5989.html The purpose of this research was to develop a model for the development of zurkhaneh and wrestling sports. This research was conducted with a qualitative research method and was exploratory-fundamental in nature. The statistical population of this research included all specialists and experts, knowledgeable elites and experts in zurkhaneh and wrestling sports, and university faculty members (with scientific and managerial experience in the field of zurkhaneh and wrestling sports). A purposive and criterion-based sampling method was used to select participants. Research data was collected through in-depth interviews. Grounded theory method was used to analyze the data. Based on the findings, a total of 338 codes were extracted from 18 semi-structured interviews. After extracting similar codes, reviewing and combining them, and eliminating duplicate concepts, 60 main concepts (including 42 concepts in the area of ​​effective strategies and strategies and 18 concepts as consequences of applying action strategies) were identified, which were categorized into 13 main categories (8 concepts of strategies for developing zurkhaneh and wrestling sports and 5 concepts of consequences for developing zurkhaneh and wrestling sports). The results, in the form of a qualitative model, were a simple representation of the factors affecting the development of zurkhaneh and wrestling sports. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6028.html The current research tries to identify the factors affecting the growth of professional sports clubs, which affect the development of the sports industry, by focusing on the strategic foresight of Iran's professional sports with a world-class approach. The data of this qualitative research, which had an exploratory-fundamental nature, was collected through targeted sampling with the snowball technique and based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with 20 experts in the field of professional sports clubs. A detailed interpretative understanding and preliminary and theoretical codings determined that professional sports clubs can build their desired future based on the requirements of shaping the future, by overcoming the weight of the past, the pressure of the present and in line with the tension of the future and the choice of proactive behavior in facing the future, set a perspective for it. In this research, a total of fifteen main factors affecting the strategic foresight of Iran's professional sports with a world-class approach include: sports structure, foundational factors, hardware infrastructure, background factors, key stakeholders, development with a global approach, actors Key, human resource development, and possible consequences, global development consequences, preferred future, uncertainties, drivers and surprises were identified. In general, economic considerations are described in world-class professional sports more than anything else, although cultural elements also play a role in this field. Despite the importance of culture in globalization discourses in sports, economic considerations play an important role. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6036.html The current research was carried out with the aim of identifying the effective factors on improving the micro-organization in sports federations. The research method was of a mixed type (qualitative-quantitative) and the qualitative part of it was done in the form of grand theory method using Glazer's approach. The statistical population in the qualitative section included people who are aware of the research topic, and according to the purposeful selection, the number of 14 people was determined as a sample. Also, the statistical population in the quantitative part of the research included the board of directors and specialist employees of sports federations, whose number after the estimations was 468 people. According to the Morgan table and using the available sampling method, 214 people were identified as the research sample. Finally, after distributing and collecting the research questionnaires, 195 people cooperated with the present research. Therefore, among the questionnaires of the quantitative part of the research, 195 completed questionnaires were analyzed. The research tools included semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires. The content validity of this questionnaire was investigated using the opinion of university professors and its construct validity was investigated using the factor analysis method. The results showed that the identified factors included individual abilities, environmental aspects, organizational approaches, coordination aspects and organizational maturity. In other words, in the path of micro-organizational development in sports federations, a platform should be provided for the formation of individual abilities, environmental aspects, organizational approaches, aspects of coordination and organizational maturity. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6077.html There is a need to rebuild the student sports management system due to its pivotal role in both the education system and the country's sports system, and one of the main prerequisites in this field is to pay attention to social capital. Accordingly, the purpose of the current research was to design7 a model of the consequences of social capital in student sports. The statistical population included university experts and sports managers in the field of student sports. The snowball sampling method was used, data collection continued until theoretical data saturation and 21 semi-structured individual interviews were conducted. In order to analyze the data, Glazer's approach using the software MAXQDA10 was used. In the open coding stage, 143 independent primary open codes (concepts), 65 secondary open codes (subcategories) and finally, 10 main categories were created based on the secondary open codes. In selective coding, 10 main categories including structural, managerial, individual, organizational, interactive, facility, educational, cultural, networking and strategic consequences were identified. Finally, to compile the final model of the consequences of social capital, the 10 main categories identified were categorized into 5 managerial, cultural, structural, educational and behavioral dimensions. Finally, considering the consequences of social capital in student sports, there is a need to strengthen social capital in order to play an active role in facing the upcoming challenges in student sports and effective and efficient management in this field exists. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6084.html Nowadays, social responsibility has become one of the key factors in global competition across various industries. Therefore, the aim of this study is to conduct a scientometric analysis of scholarly documents in the field of social responsibility in sports. This research is a type of scientometric study, in which social network analysis was used to examine bibliographic coupling, co-occurrence, and co-citation of items, as well as citations to the top articles and journals. For the collection of bibliographic data, documents related to social responsibility in sports were retrieved from the Web of Science from 2007 to the end of 2024. Data analysis was conducted using the VOSviewer software. From a total of 213 documents obtained, 114 were analyzed, showing that the average annual growth of documents peaked in 2019. The most active journal in this field was the European Sport Management Quarterly. The article by Sheth and Babiak (2010) had the highest number of citations. The terms "attitude," "governance," "management," and "implementation of social responsibility" have been frequently seen alongside the term "social responsibility" in recent years. Citation rates for articles on social responsibility have reached their highest levels in the past two years, indicating that social responsibility in sports has become a significant and growing area of research. The appearance of terms such as "life skills," "students," and "positive youth development" alongside "social responsibility" since 2019 shows that knowledge in this field is of crucial importance across all levels of sport and will remain relevant in the future https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6085.html This study aimed to design a financing model for developing sports infrastructure in Iran under international sanctions. The research employed a qualitative approach with an applied purpose. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with sports club managers, sports federation heads, and faculty members in sports management and economics. The interviews continued until theoretical saturation was reached, and eventually, data from 16 interviews were analyzed. MAXQDA software was used for data coding. The findings revealed that by adopting the four actions framework of Blue Ocean Strategy, 33 initial codes with a frequency of 293 were identified in four main categories: elimination (8 codes), reduction (5 codes), increase (16 codes), and creation (4 codes). Among these codes, the code related to "new strategies for generating real resources," which falls under the creation category, had the highest frequency and was of particular significance. Given the extensive international sanctions, it can be concluded that the four actions framework of Blue Ocean Strategy has the potential to create new markets and more favorable economic conditions for financing sports infrastructure in Iran. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6101.html This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the legal challenges of setting up a shooting club. This study was a mixed research in terms of methodology. The sampling was purposeful and chain-based in the qualitative part and random in the quantitative part. The participants in the first stage included elites and experts, and in the second stage included all athletes, coaches, sports managers, and shooting referees in five provinces of Iran. The research sample in the qualitative stage included 16 people until theoretical saturation was reached, and in the quantitative stage, 207 people. The research tool in the first part was a semi-structured interview and in the second part was a questionnaire. The research findings showed that 162 codes were identified in the interviews, which were placed in 30 sub-themes and twelve main themes. The main themes were placed in 4 dimensions: awareness, finance, equipment, and legal. Also, the results in the quantitative section indicated agreement with the findings in the qualitative section. The results showed that the guidelines for establishing a shooting sports club have not been developed and the existing rules are general for all sports clubs. Also, there are guidelines for some popular shooting sports, but they do not address the issue of permitted betting. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6102.html The purpose of this research is to formulate the process of financial independence of professional private sports clubs, the use of hybrid research. Mixed research method is actually a combination of qualitative research method and quantitative research method. The statistical population included specialists and experts such as professors in the field of marketing management, sports management, sports marketing specialists, and managers and officials of private clubs. Sampling method was used as non-probability sampling, with targeted selection and maximum diversity or heterogeneity. The sample size in this study was equal to 15 people based on the theoretical saturation index. In the quantitative part, the statistical population was the customers of private clubs and postgraduate students of sports management, who were selected using the SPSS Sample Power software, and their number was equal to 360 people. The measurement tool in the qualitative phase of the open interview and was analyzed based on three stages of open, central and selective coding, and in the quantitative part, the research tool included a questionnaire extracted from the codes of the qualitative part, which was also analyzed with Smart PLS software. Based on the data analysis of 67 primary concepts, 12 main categories were identified. factors identified in current research include legal and legal factors, interaction with the media, creating a platform for attracting financial sponsors, developing sponsor attraction, improving laws for financial sponsors, granting facilities to financial sponsors, training specialist forces, business income, management factors, development strategies and the approach was economic. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6528.html The emergence of digital technologies has transformed traditional leisure practices and provided new opportunities for entertainment and social interaction, especially among professional athletes. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of implementation method. Initially, through an in-depth study and semi-structured interviews with 17 experts in the field of sports management, including professors, faculty members, and researchers, 5 components affecting the digital leisure of professional athletes were identified. The sampling method was purposeful and the sample size was determined based on the theoretical saturation principle. The fuzzy hierarchy process was used to prioritize the criteria. Based on the research findings, 5 indicators and 42 sub-indicators were identified as effective components of the digital leisure of professional athletes. The "technology" index had the highest importance, and the "cultural-social" and "economic" indices were in the next priorities. Also, the pairwise-fuzzy comparison of the sub-indices indicated that the sub-indices of "availability of digital leisure (0.594) and increasing the number of e-sports players (0.594)","strengthening communication and increasing fan loyalty (0.585)" and "expanding and disseminating sports culture (0.581)" had the highest priority. It is suggested that professional athletes help improve the digital space by promoting ethical principles such as honesty, respect for others and responsibility, and by publishing responsible posts, images or comments, have a positive impact on their fans and professional reputation. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6126.html Introduction:The desire to show aggression in sports venues is considered as a harmful factor for mental health, which is expressed in cases such as violence, beatings, harassment, insults, and finally, murder. Aggression in sports includes any intentional illegal behavior directed at opponents, officials, teammates, and spectators.The purpose of this research was to identify the factors influencing the aggressive behavior of wrestling coaches. Methods:The research method was carried out qualitatively and using the type of data theory of the Foundation (Glyseri).The statistical population of this research was expert coaches in the field of freestyle wrestling all over the country who had at least 5 years of coaching experience and participated in national championship competitions as coaches. Sampling was done in a purposeful, criteria-based manner and theoretical saturation occurred after 16 interviews. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. Results:4main categories and 19 secondary concepts were extracted from the explanation of the experiences of the research participants. The individual factors related to the athlete, the effect of refereeing, the management of the event and the facilities and equipment were the components identified in the occurrence of the aggressive behavior of the coaches in the present study Conclusion:The subtle findings of this study indicate that the proper use of social media by student athletes to present information relevant to their brand and interact with their fans is crucial. The present study offers new insights and knowledge regarding improving brand management through social media in the context of personal branding for student athletes https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6169.html Sports can be considered as source for production and development of social capital. Social capital in sports is derived from sports identity and common sports values, norms affect social cohesion in group or society. The purpose of research was to identify, analyze investigate main forces affecting future of social capital in sports in Iran. The present study was descriptive-analytical in terms of practical goal-setting strategy and structural analysis method was used based on future research. The statistical population of research was experts and professors in field of sociology, communications media, sports management and future studies, who had experimental and scientific records, 17 people were selected purposefully. To identify issues affecting driving force in future social capital in sport in Iran, an interview was conducted with experts and based on that, 24 components of important forces were identified. Based on findings of structural and expert analysis, these drivers with the highest degree of importance and level of unpredictability were identified as the main forces affecting future of social capital in sports in horizon of 2061:Positive and negative individualism, social structures and governance system, Political stability and security, Delineation of common social values and beliefs, Economic well-being: income level and economic base and job security, Digitization and expansion of technology and changing the shape of communication and communication innovations. Therefore, it is necessary to use them in the planning, policies, and any action in field of sports and sports management in future and determining possible future scenarios https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6226.html Objective: This study investigates the underlying reasons behind the Iranian Football Federation’s repeated failures in securing the hosting rights of international events, while identifying the strategic dimensions critical for successful hosting within Asian football. Methodology: The research employed a mixed-methods approach with an applied orientation. In the qualitative phase, purposive sampling of sport experts was conducted based on professional expertise, executive experience, and theoretical insight. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. In the quantitative phase, findings from the qualitative stage informed the design of a researcher-made questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale. Content validity was confirmed by 10 professors of sport management, and reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. The sample included managers, coaches, athletes, academics, media representatives, and fans, with data analyzed via structural equation modeling in SmartPLS 3.Results: Results identified 44 indicators across five domains managerial, infrastructural, economic, cultural, and legal as the main determinants leading to Iran’s disqualification.Conclusion: The study highlights the necessity of redesigning hosting policies, strengthening technical infrastructure, improving governance structures, and enhancing the capacity of sports diplomacy at the international level to elevate Iran’s position in hosting competitions. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6281.html Introduction: The professional team brand characteristics scale is a useful tool for marketers and sports teams that provides a good basis for assessing the strength, desirability and uniqueness of the team brand. The present research was conducted with the aim of developing a model of brand characteristics for professional volleyball teams. Research Method: The current research method was qualitative with an interpretative phenomenological approach. The statistical population includes volleyball fans whose team was represented in the first volleyball league and were selected using a purposive sample of 21 citizens until information saturation was reached. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The opinions of researchers outside the research were used to verify the reliability and objectivity of the information, and the acceptability of the data was ensured through peer review and verifiability. Smith & Shinebourne's phenomenological method of analysis was used to analyze the data. The results: A total of 66 subthemes, 12 sub-themes and 5 main themes were extracted and classified. The main themes of the study included brand desirability, brand strength, uniqueness, performance, and internal and external factors. Conclusion: In this study, a brand attribute scale for professional sports teams was developed, taking into account both product-related and non-product-related attributes, based on terms associated with the teams by fans in the teams' target markets. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6282.html The purpose of this research was the paradigm model of teaching physical education lessons based on machine learning using the foundation's data approach.This research is based on the philosophy (paradigm)of pragmatism, qualitative in terms of method, and data-driven in terms of strategy.The research population includes experts in the research topic, including faculty members of physical education and sports sciences faculties across the country who have at least the rank of associate professor or professor and have more than 10 years of teaching experience.The sampling method in the qualitative part of the research was conducted using two targeted interview tools and the snowball technique, and 13 people were interviewed to theoretical saturation. The validity of the research, according to Guba and Lincoln(2000), included four criteria of validity, transferability, reliability, and confirmability of the validation study.The Lavish method was used to evaluate the reliability of the interview protocol. In this study, the opinions of 11 experts were obtained for validation using the Lavish method, which was ultimately calculated based on the results of 5 item scores less than 0.6, so these items were removed from the model and a 65-component model was extracted. Based on the findings, the results of a 13-factor model with 65 factors were presented in the form of a data-driven model with the Strauss and Corbin approach for implementing physical education lessons based on machine learning. Using machine learning algorithms, patterns and algorithms can be developed that can predict the performance and progress of each student/student or athlete. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6285.html This study aims to develop an alignment model for sports globalization in Iran. The main research question is: What constitutes the alignment model for sports globalization in Iran, and what are its components? Employing a qualitative and applied research design with an exploratory nature, the study follows an inductive approach using a six-phase thematic analysis. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews and available print/electronic sources. Content validity was ensured by aligning interview questions with theoretical foundations. For qualitative reliability, Lincoln and Guba's (1985) framework assessed credibility, confirmability, dependability, and transferability. Participants included 15 experienced officials and faculty members selected through purposive and snowball sampling until theoretical saturation. Findings identified 321 basic themes, 82 organizing themes, and 24 global themes, categorized into eight components: economic, political, socio-cultural, legal-structural, infrastructural-technical, managerial, educational-research, and technological. The final "Alignment Model for Sports Globalization in Iran" was developed, emphasizing the necessity of precise implementation of these components for Iran's sports development. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6351.html The purpose of this research was designing a human resource productivity model with an electronic human resource management approach in sport and youth of department of Mashhad. This study was applied in term of purpose and uses a mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) research. The statistical population inclouded of all employees of the general directorate of Sports and Youth( 181 individuals ) from whom a sample was selected through using a non- random sampling method semi-structured interviews, and quantitative data were gathered using a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling and quantitative methods. The research findings indicated that causal factors include individual, interactive, structural, and technological dimensions. Subsequenly, seven key strategies were extracted, including the implementation of reward systems, digital skill enhancement, and smart HR system. The model outcomes were categorized into managerial (such as increased transparency, cost reduction, and improved organizational performance) and individual (job satisfaction, professional growth, and skill development) levels. Quantitative findings based on structural equation modeling confirmed the model of statistical validity, and all hypothesized relationships were supported. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6353.html Objective: The objectives of this research were to identify and prioritize management risks and to present a risk model in professional football in Iran. Methodology: The statistical population of the study included all experts and managers of professional sports in the country in the year 2023. Sampling was conducted purposefully using a snowball method (to theoretical saturation) in the qualitative section, and based on a convenience sampling method in the quantitative section; specifically, 270 questionnaires were distributed, and ultimately, 250 questionnaires were returned. After interviewing experts and reviewing past articles, 50 specific components were categorized into nine main components (economic, cultural, software-related infrastructure, hardware-related infrastructure, social, legal, political, planning, and media). The data were analyzed at both descriptive and inferential levels using SPSS and AMOS software. Results: The results showed that political, economic, legal, and media risks are prioritized in that order in the management of professional football in Iran. Conclusion: Considering the identified risks in this area, necessary measures should be adopted for better risk management, and the priority in addressing these risks must be such that it leads to the advancement of professional football in the country and the preservation of its independence. Keywords: Strategic management, Political risk, Risk management https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6356.html Age Discrimination is one of the limiting factors for sports participation of older adults. This study was conducted to identify the role of age discrimination in the development of social-sports participation of older adults. This study was designed with a qualitative method and based on a meta-synthesis approach, using the method of Sandolovski and Barso (2006). 90 studies in the field of aging and social-sports participation were extracted based on specific criteria, and 20 studies were selected as samples. Seven categories were identified which include cultural beliefs weakening participation, stereotypes reducing active lifestyles, ineffective participatory policies promoting age discrimination, self-discrimination interrupting sports participation, ageism and increasing social distancing, technology reducing the social power of the older adults and active aging as a tool for combating age discrimination. By examining the results, it is argued that sports participation of older adults prevents economic losses by reducing self-discrimination, increasing social interactions and social acceptance of them. Moreover, the country doesn’t its efficiency and productivity with its aging trend, because with the social acceptance of the elderly, the social activity of this group is defined and stabilized, and the design of programs required for active aging is facilitated. It is suggested to activate discourses on aging and increase the representation of older adults in popular media to promote active aging. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6364.html The purpose of this research was to adapt and model exercise for development in health promotion schools in Canada, England and Iran. The research method is multi-country adaptation and its strategy is internal adaptation Case-based comparative strategy was used in this study. In order to analyze the data, we used the historical comparative research method. Sports strategies were used to emulate the countries of Canada and England. The components of the research model in the findings were considered in three sections. The first section covers the adaptation of definitions, objectives, executive policies, approaches, and stakeholders. The second section compares key indicators, and the third section addresses sports strategies for health-promoting schools. The results showed that Iran, the United Kingdom, and Canada draw on their capacities for success (local culture and stakeholders), key indicators (such as having regional programs aligned with the national model and forming participatory groups), and comprehensive plans (such as a strategic health and well-being roadmap), and also implement WHO guidelines with consideration for localization policy. It is suggested that a comprehensive approach agreed upon by health-related organizations such as the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Sports and Youth, etc., should be pursued for the successful implementation of the health-promoting schools program. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6365.html The aim of this research was to develop a cultural attachment for the physical education and health programs of the Ministry of Education. The study followed a qualitative approach using thematic analysis. The statistical population included all experts, scholars, specialists, directors of the Physical Education and Health Deputy Office of the Ministry of Education, professors of sports management, sociology professors, deputies of physical education and health in the provinces, heads of provincial physical education departments, and responsible experts and advisors in both girls' and boys' sections, who had educational and executive experience (18 participants). A purposeful sampling method was used, and interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation was achieved. The research tool was an exploratory (semi-structured) interview. The validity of the tool was evaluated and confirmed based on sample credibility, expert opinions, and inter-rater agreement. To analyze the findings, the method proposed by Attride-Sterling (2001) was employed. MaxQDA Pro software was used to analyze the interviews. The results of the comprehensive thematic analysis and the construction of the thematic network, utilizing the opinions of the participating experts and the review of theoretical foundations, indicated that the negative cultural consequences of the current physical education and health programs of the Ministry of Education fall under the subcategories of sports culture, public culture, organizational culture, and individual-family culture. The recommendations are interpretable in the dimensions of education, research, family, and culture-building. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6284.html This study was conducted to study the factors influencing the selection of female coaches of national teams with the Fuzzy DEMATEL approach. The statistical population of the study consisted of all officials, deputies, and officials of the federation and coaches who had the experience of executive and research activities in women's national teams. The research sample was selected with Non-probability sampling from the statistical population. First, by using library studies and reviewing the theoretical foundations and literature reveiw, the factors affecting the selection of female coaches of the national teams were identified.Factors whose content validity index was above 7.9 were used in the rest of the research. In order to analyze the research data, the Fuzzy DEMATEL method was used to rank the factors and determine the relationships between the factors. These are the most influential factors in case of selecting the female coaches of national team's in order: 1-Knowledge of international language, 2- Using statistics and information, 3- Creating a balance between life and work, 4- Having new knowledge of sports sciences, 5- Improving the coaching level by training courses, 6- Psychological and motivational ability. Based on the results of this study, there is a significant relationship between the factors of selecting the female coaches of national teams. This can be considered as an advantage for an organization that applies females in national teams. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6488.html The development of entrepreneurship in federations is considered as a comprehensive strategy for the realization of cultural, sports and financial goals. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of analyzing organizational entrepreneurship management in sports federations. The research method is qualitative, and a qualitative method with a foundational data theory approach was used, and among the various approaches of foundational theorization, the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin (1998) was used. Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of the research was the sports management experts, and the sports experts in this research are selected university sports management professors (with experience of management or activity in the Ministry of Sports and Youth, sports federations or general administrations of sports and youth) and managers of sports federations (chairman, vice-chairman) and secretary) formed. The sampling method in this research was purposeful, and theoretical saturation was achieved after conducting 20 interviews. In order to analyze the data, MaxQD software version 10 was used. According to the results, the model of entrepreneurship development in Olympic sports federations was developed. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6434.html The purpose of the current research was to design a model for the development of media reputation of event-oriented sports organizations. The current research method is based on a qualitative approach to the foundational data method (Strauss and Corbin's systematic model), which was conducted in the field in terms of the fundamental purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research includes three groups of university professors (who have conducted at least two researches in the field of media, sports media), public relations managers of sports organizations (with more than 5 years of experience) and managers of event-oriented sports organizations (with more than 5 years of management experience) who were selected by purposeful or theoretical sampling (19 people). The qualitative approach of grounded theory was used for data analysis for open, central and selective coding, and open coding was done by analyzing the interviews. The pattern of development of media reputation of event-oriented sports organizations is affected by causal conditions (management, personal, occupational and functional characteristics) and taking into account extractive strategies (educational, new media, media and financial content) ) which is affected by background conditions (infrastructure and organizational structure) and intervening conditions (economic, human resources), we can witness the emergence of sports and organizational consequences. It is hoped that the results of this research will lead to the development of targeted media activities in sports organizations and the status of sports media among citizens and audiences will be improved. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6490.html “Selecting an appropriate location for sports sciences faculties, as a strategic university function, plays a key role in enhancing education quality, equitable academic opportunities, and regional balance.”. This study aimed to identify and prioritize indicators influencing the site selection of sport sciences faculties in Iran. The research employed an exploratory mixed-methods design combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study population consisted of sport man-agement professors, deans of physical education and sport sciences faculties, university engi-neers, and academics in architecture, civil engineering, geography, and urban planning. Partici-pants were selected purposively and later through a snowball sampling method. Theoretical satu-ration was reached after conducting 12 semi-structured in-depth interviews. Content analysis of the interviews led to the identification of six main categories of site selection indicators: man-agement and development, geographical, physical and regulatory, environmental, socio-cultural, and economic. These indicators were subsequently evaluated through a pairwise comparison questionnaire distributed among 20 experts familiar with the research topic. The Analytic Hierar-chy Process (AHP) using Expert Choice software was employed to determine the relative im-portance of each indicator. The results showed that the management and development indicator had the highest relative weight (0.308), followed by geographical (0.231), physical and regulato-ry (0.201), environmental (0.147), socio-cultural (0.072), and economic (0.040) factors. It was concluded that management and development considerations play the most significant role in locating sport sciences faculties in Iran. The identified indicators can serve as a practical frame-work for selecting appropriate sites for such faculties, considering the country’s unique cultural, geographical, and environmental conditions. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6527.html The spread of the COVID-19 virus, as well as the development of technology and the mechanization of lifestyle, have led to a decrease in physical activity among individuals and a decrease in the level of health among the community.One of the areas that increases the physical and mental health of the community is sports and leisure time.Therefore, the purpose of this study was to developing a model of leisure time and family sports in the COVID-19 era. The research method of this study was qualitative research using grounded theory and library-field data collection methods.Based on the opinions of experts, the appropriate tools and model were developed.The statistical population of this study was active leisure time experts, such as university faculty members, family counselors, experts in organizing family sports events at the Ministry of Sports and Youth, experts in the General Sports Federation. Targeted sampling was used. Sampling went on to theoretical saturation; In this study, the model reached theoretical saturation in the 19th interview, so that no new idea was obtained by continuing the interview. The research tool was semi-structured interviews. The content analysis of the interview texts was done through the process of analysis in the Strauss Corbin paradigm and through the hierarchy of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Based on this, recreational sports in the family were considered as the axial class and other classes were placed, the most important of which are: Promotion of health indicators, Promotion of mental health indicators, Improving the life quality https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6577.html The aim of this research is analyzing the thematic factors affecting the income generation of Iran sports delegations.This research is an exploratory research with a qualitative nature. Data collection was done using interviews and documentary review. After conducting 22 in-depth and semi-structured interviews with the research statistical population,the main categories extracted completing the coding process.The statistical population includes those familiar with income generation in Iran Ministry of Sports,the National Olympic Committee;experts and researchers in financial resources and income generation as well as university researchers in this field.Purposeful sampling continued until theoretical saturation and then were coded according to the research topic.Then,in two stages,the initial concepts were produced,first in 55 concepts and second for better coherence and analysis were coded,in 12 abstract concepts under the headings of entry of legal partners,capital measures,provision of capital funds,provision of current funds,provision of funds from the side activities of the board,provision of funds from events,from available places,from registrations;planning obstacles,governance obstacles,institutional obstacles,and hardware and software obstacles.In the next step,the 12 concepts produced in the secondary coding process,classified in the form of 3 major categories.These major categories are at a higher level of abstraction than the concepts of the previous stage and according to the results of the research;sports managers can use the concepts and categories identified in their future plans,in order to generate better income for the sports delegations of Islamic Republic of Iran. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6663.html The aim of the study was to investigate the role of information technology skills in the desire of physical education teachers in Jiroft to electronic education through the media literacy. The research is descriptive-correlation through a survey method. The research population included 95 secondary level physical education teachers in Jiroft in 1402-1401. Total sampling method was applied due to limitation of research population. To collect data, the standard questionnaire of Falsafi et al. (2013), the standard questionnaire of Information Technology Skills of Qaidi (2015), and a researcher-developed questionnaire of desire for electronic education were used. The results of structural equation modeling with PLS show the incremental (direct) and significant effect of information technology skills on desire for electronic education, the incremental (direct) and significant effect of information technology skills on media literacy, and the incremental (direct) and significant effect of media literacy on the desire for electronic education. Moreover, the results show that information technology skills, in addition to direct effect, indirectly and through media literacy affect the desire for electronic education. According to the results, it is suggested to pay special attention to development of information technology skills and media literacy of physical education teachers for facilitating electronic education. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6681.html The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive conceptual model of sports tourism in Iran with an emphasis on a cultural heritage preservation approach, through the identification and systematic synthesis of drivers, challenges, and strategies reported in the research literature. The methodology of this study was conducted using a systematic review approach based on the PRISMA2020 standard protocol. The literature search was carried out in reputable national and international databases covering the period from 2000 to 2024. Out of a total of 583 initial records,42 eligible studies were selected after rigorous screening and quality assessment, and subsequently analyzed using thematic analysis. The results suggest that the competitive advantage of sports tourism in Iran extends beyond infrastructure and sporting events, and is manifested in the meaningful linkage between sporting activities and elements of cultural heritage, including rituals, history, and local identity. Furthermore, governance and integrated management emerge as fundamental pillars of development, playing a crucial role in creating synergy among the multiple stakeholders involved in sports tourism and cultural heritage. The findings also emphasize the importance of active participation of local communities at all stages of planning and implementation, as the absence of such participation may lead to the erosion of cultural authenticity, the distortion of traditional rituals, and the emergence of unsustainable patterns of commercialization. Finally, the findings highlight the necessity of moving beyond purely economic approaches toward a preservation-oriented and sustainability-based perspective. Within such an approach, https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6686.html Introduction and Objective: The migration of elites and sports professionals as a social phenomenon has detrimental effects on the growth and development processes of sports. One of the most important factors that plays a role in the success of professional sports is elite, useful and efficient human resources. In addition to facilitating professional advancement, retaining sports elites reduces conflicts and the persistence of professional sports personnel and increases productivity. For this reason, this study presents a model for retaining elites in Iranian state sports organizations based on the specific challenges and contexts of Iranian society. Methodology: The type of research is quantitative and applied research. The statistical population of this study was elite athletes of the province with a history of membership in national teams in 1402, which was 270 people. The research sample was 159 people based on the Morgan table, and based on this, 170 questionnaires were distributed and finally, after 10 items were dropped, 160 healthy questionnaires were analyzed.Data analysis showed that economic factors such as "access to better job opportunities" and "differences in the welfare status of the country of origin and destination" are the most important reasons for the inability to retain sports elites and the migration of athletes. Professional factors (such as access to facilities and coaches; and lack of planning by federations), political factors (such as the inefficiency of the country's macro) and social factors (such as the social status of athletes; and the desire for modern life) are in the next ranks. https://smms.basu.ac.ir/article_6711.html The present study aims to elucidate the effects of migration fever on Iran's sports labor force. This research was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, employing the systematic grounded theory design (Glaserian approach) in the qualitative phase, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the quantitative phase to rank the identified factors. In the qualitative phase, 27 participants—including sports management professors, sports coaches, athletes, sports science students, and graduates—who expressed a desire to migrate were purposefully selected. Data saturation was achieved through snowball sampling. Qualitative data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using three stages of coding: open, selective, and theoretical coding. To ensure the trustworthiness of the qualitative findings, the researchers employed prolonged engagement, persistent observation, peer debriefing, progressive reflexivity, member checking, and triangulation of multiple data sources. Reliability was further assessed through inter-coder agreement and intra-coder reliability checks at specified time intervals. In the quantitative phase, 10 sports management experts participated in the expert panel, and the data were analyzed using Expert Choice software. The findings revealed that the prominent effects of migration fever on Iran's sports workforce include: prevalence of underemployment, demand for informal employment, job quality deterioration, occupational mismatch, decline in job-finding opportunities, negative job attitudes, mental migration, workforce burnout, investment stagnation, and virtual migration. Results from the experts' prioritization using AHP indicated that prevalence of underemployment, job quality, and occupational mismatch respectively held the highest ranks.